Physical Oil Trading & Formation of Sales Contracts

Today international oil trading industry has been characterized by the dominant position of Multinationals, major traders and NOCs. In return, they all received a stream of income through oil trading under enforceable contracts. Our focus is not only on the mechanism of oil trading market but has to be the words and the parties’ conception […]

FM and Frustration

An Update on force majeure and doctrine of frustration in English Law Contractual parties create duties and obligations enforceable on themselves by bounding with a contract.[1]  The former rationale was given to define the rule that any failure in performing the contractual duty undertaken result in a breach of contract.[2] Blackburn J. in Taylor v […]